椎间加盖植骨联合椎弓根螺钉内固定术治疗36例退行性腰椎滑脱症疗效观察

目的探讨后路椎间加盖植骨联合椎弓根螺钉内固定术治疗退行性腰椎滑脱症的临床疗效。方法选择该院2005年3月至2008年12月退行性腰椎滑脱症患者36例,采用后路环锯加盖椎间植骨联合椎弓根螺钉复位内固定术治疗。结果 36例均获得随访6~24个月,临床融合率为100%,临床疗效采用日本JOA下腰痛疗效评定标准,优21例,良13例,一般2例,优良率为94.4%。结论后路环锯加盖椎间植骨联合椎弓根螺钉内固定术治疗退行性腰椎滑脱症是一种安全、有效、经济且并发症少的方法。     

三维电解剖标测及单根环状标测电极指导下CPVA术治疗心房颤动

目的探讨在三维电解剖标测及单根环状标测电极指导下以环肺静脉口电隔离术（CPVA）为核心治疗心房颤动（房颤）的疗效。方法对32例房颤患者均在CARTO三维电解剖标测及单根环状标测电极指导下行CPVA,其中辅助行碎裂电位消融6例,上腔静脉消融术2例,三尖瓣峡部、二尖瓣峡部及冠状窦内消融各1例。结果26例阵发性房颤不再被诱发,6例慢性房颤中术中房颤终止2例、电复律转为窦性心律4例;手术操作时间（119±37）min,X线透视时间（25±12）min;随访（9±5）个月成功率为90.6%。均无手术并发症。结论三维电解剖标测及单根环状标测电极指导下以CPVA为核心,其他消融方法为辅的房颤消融策略安全有效,可提高消融成功率,缩短手术时间,减少并发症、复发。     

RNA干扰及其在寄生原虫研究中的应用

RNA干扰（RNAi）是由双链RNA（double stranded RNA,dsRNA）分子在mRNA水平关闭相应序列基因表达或使其沉默的过程,小分子RNA在RNAi介导的基因调节过程中发挥了重要作用。蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫中RNAi现象的发现,证明RNAi很早即已经存在于真核谱系中,抑制反转录转座子的转录可能是RNAi最古老的功能。本文就引起人类疾病的寄生原虫中的RNAi研究及应用现状进行综述。     

HBV感染者血清中HBVcccDNA、HBeAg及HBV DNA的关系

探讨HBV感染者血清HBVcccDNA与血清HBV DNA及HBeAg的关系。分别以PER分子信标技术和ELISA方法对非HBV相关肝炎、HBV健康携带者、急性乙型肝炎（AHB）、慢性乙型肝炎（CHB）、乙肝肝硬化、乙肝患者血清中HBVcccDNA HBV DNA含量及HBeAg进行了检测。HBVcccDNA仅见于HBV DNA阳性血清中；HBeAg阳性组的HBVcccDNA阳性率显著高于HBeAg阴性组（P〈0．05）；145例HBV DNA阳性患者中，HBVcccDNA阳性组HBVD—NA水平显著高于HBVcccDNA阴性组（P〈0．01）。血清HBVcccDNA可能是乙肝病毒在患者体内大量复制的血清标志。     

改良PCR法检测外周血单个核细胞中的HBV DNA与HBVcccDNA

目的检测慢性HBV感染者外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)中HBV DNA的存在状况。方法采用改良PCR法检测慢性HBV感染者PBMCs中HBV DNA、共价闭合环状DNA(cccDNA)。结果120例慢性HBV感染者PBMCs中HBV DNA、cccDNA阳性检出率分别为62.50%、45.83%,HBV DNA阳性检出率高于cccDNA(P<0.01);其中HBeAg阳性组PBMCs中HBV DNA(80.00%)和cccDNA阳性检出率(45.00%)分别明显高于HBeAg阴性组(61.67%)(30.00%)(P均<0.01);PBMCs中HBVDNA检测阳性者血清HBVDNA水平明显高于HBVDNA检测阴性者(P<0.01)。结论改良PCR法检测表明HBV DNA不仅可感染PBMCs,且部分参与复制;PBMCs中HBVDNA存在和复制能力与HBeAg阳性相关;PBMCs中HBV DNA阳性检出率与血清HBV DNA水平有一致性。     

P2X受体对豚鼠胃窦环行肌自发性收缩运动的影响

目的:探讨P2X受体激动剂α,β-methylene ATP (α,β-MeATP)对豚鼠胃窦环行肌运动的影响及其离子通道机制.方法:采用EWG/B豚鼠,制备去黏膜胃窦环行肌条(10×1.5 mm),并将其固定于恒温灌流槽内(37℃),用碳酸氢钠缓冲液连续灌流并通氧(950 mL/L O_2,50 mL/L CO_2).利用SMUP-E生物信号处理系统记录胃窦平滑肌自发性收缩活动,Ⅱ型胶原酶消化法分离豚鼠胃窦环行肌单细胞,传统全细胞膜片钳技术记录急性分离的胃窦平滑肌细胞膜电位和离子电流,包括钙激活钾电流、延迟整流型钾电流及电压依赖性钙电流.结果:嘌呤能P2X受体激动剂α,β-MeATP明显抑制豚鼠胃窦环行肌自发性收缩,并有明显的量效倚赖关系:5,10,20,40,100μmol/Lα,β-MeATP作用下,环行肌收缩幅度分别由对照组的100%下降到90%±2%.81%±4%,68%±4%,59%±7%和29%±4%(P<0.05).用神经阻断剂Tetrodotoxin (TTX)预处理后,α,β-MeATP对胃窦环行肌自发性收缩的抑制作用仍不受影响;在传统全细胞膜片钳电流钳模式下,500μmol/Lα,β-MeATP不影响细胞膜电位,也对两种外向钾电流,即延迟整流型钾电流和钙激活钾电流没有影响;不同浓度的α,β-MeATP对电压依赖性钙电流没有影响.结论:P2X受体激动剂抑制豚鼠胃窦环行肌自发性收缩,其作用机制不依赖内在神经,也不依赖细胞膜离子通道以及膜电位改变.     

Research of Wood Waste as a Potential Filler for Loose-Fill Building Insulation: Appropriate Selection and Incorporation into Polyurethane Biocomposite Foams

Currently, the recycling potential of wood waste (WW) is still limited, and in a resource efficiency approach, recycling WW in insulation materials, such as polyurethane (PUR), appears as an appropriate solution. It is known that the quality of WW is the main aspect which influences the stability of the final products. Therefore, the current study analyses different WW-based fillers as possible modifiers for polyurethane biocomposite foams for the application as loose-fill materials in building envelopes. During the study of WW-based fillers, it was determined that the most promising filler is wood scobs (WS) with a thermal conductivity of 0.0496 W/m·K, short-term water absorption by partial immersion—12.5 kg/m², water vapour resistance—0.34 m²·h·Pa/mg and water vapour diffusion resistance factor—2.4. In order to evaluate the WS performance as a filler in PUR biocomposite foams, different ratios of PUR binder and WS filler (PURb/WS) were selected. It was found that a 0.40 PURb/WS ratio is insufficient for the appropriate wetting of WS filler while a 0.70 PURb/WS ratio produced PUR biocomposite foams with the most suitable performance: thermal conductivity reduced from 0.0523 to 0.0476 W/m·K, water absorption—from 5.6 to 1.3 kg/m², while the compressive strength increased from 142 to 272 kPa and the tensile strength increased from 44 to 272 kPa.     

Performance Characterization of Broad Band Sustainable Sound Absorbers Made of Almond Skins

In order to limit the environmental impact caused by the use of non-renewable resources, a growing research interest is currently being shown in the reuse of agricultural by-products as new raw materials for green building panels. Moreover, the European directives impose the goal of sustainability supporting the investigation of passive solutions for the reduction of energy consumption. Thus, the promotion of innovative building materials for the enhancement of acoustic and thermal insulation of the buildings is an important issue. The aim of the present research was to evaluate the physical, acoustical, and thermal performances of building panels produced by almond skin residues, derived from the industrial processing of almonds. In this paper different mix designs were investigated using polyvinyl acetate glue and gum Arabic solution as binders. Air-flow resistivity σ and normal incidence sound absorption coefficient α were measured by means of a standing wave tube. Thermal conductivity λ, thermal diffusivity α, volumetric heat capacity ρc were measured using a transient plane source device. Finally, water vapor permeability δ_p was experimentally determined using the dry cup method. Furthermore, a physical characterization of the specimens in terms of bulk density ρ_b and porosity η allowed to study the correlation existing between the binder and the aggregates and the consequent acoustical and hygrothermal behavior occurring on the different mix designs. The achieved results suggested the investigated materials comparable to the main products currently existing on the market.     

钙调蛋白及其突变体与电压门控钠离子通道1.2异亮氨酸-谷氨酰胺基序的结合作用

目的: 探讨在不同钙离子浓度下电压门控钠离子通道（Na_V）1.2与钙调蛋白（CaM）的结合,并分析CaM的钙离子结合位点突变后与Na_V1.2结合能力的变化。方法: 应用PCR技术构建Na_V1.2蛋白片段异亮氨酸-谷胺酰胺（IQ）基序的cDNA,采用QIAGEN点突变技术构建CaM突变体（CaM₁₂、CaM₃₄、CaM₁₂₃₄）,应用牵出（pull-down）试验技术检测有钙（100 nmol/L钙离子浓度）和无钙条件下Na_V1.2 IQ与CaM及其突变体（CaM₁₂、CaM₃₄、CaM₁₂₃₄）的结合情况。结果: CaM与Na_V1.2 IQ在无钙和有钙情况下均可互相结合,而单独重组谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶（GST）不具有与CaM结合的能力。无钙条件下CaM与Na_V1.2 IQ的结合量大于有钙条件下两者的结合量（P < 0.05）;无钙条件下,CaM野生型与Na_V1.2 IQ结合量大于CaM突变体与Na_V1.2 IQ的结合量,其中CaM₁₂₃₄的结合能力在三个突变体中最弱（P < 0.05）。结论: CaM及其突变体对Na_V1.2 IQ的结合具有钙离子依赖性,这一CaM调控Na_V1.2新机制为离子通道疾病研究提供了一定依据。